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python爬虫


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4.1 简单爬虫网页访问

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简单爬虫网页访问

import urllib
import sys
url = "[http://www.healforce.com/cn/index.php](http://www.healforce.com/cn/index.php)?ac=article&at=read&did=444"
webPage=urllib.urlopen(url)
data = webPage.read()
data = data.decode('utf-8').encode(sys.getfilesystemencoding())

设置代理的代码如下（便于fiddler抓包分析）

import urllib2
import sys
url = "[http://www.healforce.com/cn/index.php](http://www.healforce.com/cn/index.php)?ac=article&at=read&did=444"
proxy = urllib2.ProxyHandler({'http': '[127.0.0.1:8888](127.0.0.1:8888)'})
opener = urllib2.build_opener(proxy)
urllib2.install_opener(opener)
webPage=urllib2.urlopen(url)
data = webPage.read()
data = data.decode('utf-8').encode(sys.getfilesystemencoding())
print(data)
print(type(webPage))
print(webPage.geturl())
print(webPage.info())

输出结果如下

>>> print(type(webPage))
<type 'instance'>
>>> print(webPage.geturl())
[http://www.healforce.com/cn/index.php](http://www.healforce.com/cn/index.php)?ac=article&at=read&did=444
>>> print(webPage.info())
Date: Thu, 11 Aug 2016 10:38:48 GMT
Server: Apache/2.4.10 (Win32) OpenSSL/1.0.1h
Connection: close
Transfer-Encoding: chunked
Content-Type: text/html; charset=utf-8
>>> print(webPage.getcode())
200

用Fiddler来抓取数据分析

  1. 200表示访问成功
  2. 访问的地址
  3. Python生成的请求表头
  4. 响应返回的html，这个跟print(data)返回的是一样的