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2.4 国际化

国际化

系统基本都是英语实现的，但内容都是中文，所以尽早实现国际化来解决解决丑陋问题

具体参考http://www.codingsoho.com/zh/course/6/article/100

在settings.py文件中设置

MIDDLEWARE_CLASSES = (
    ...
    'django.middleware.locale.LocaleMiddleware',
)

TIME_ZONE = 'UTC'
USE_I18N = True
USE_L10N = True
USE_TZ = True

LANGUAGE_CODE = 'en'
ugettext = lambda s: s
LANGUAGES = (
    ('en', ugettext('English')),
    ('zh-hans', ugettext('Chinese Simple')),
)

#翻译文件所在目录，需要手工创建
LOCALE_PATHS = (
    os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'locale'),
)

TEMPLATE_CONTEXT_PROCESSORS = (
    ...
    "django.core.context_processors.i18n",
)

注意，中文和英文的code分别是en和zh-hans

生成文件

python manage.py makemessages -l zh_hans

生成locale目录下生成zh_hans\LC_MESSAGES\django.po，在文件里添加中文翻译，比如

#: .\job_entry\models.py:25
msgid "title"
msgstr "标题"

翻译完成之后，需要翻译一下，才能生效

python manage.py compilemessages -l zh_hans

通过下面语句可以看到当前支持的语言

{% get_current_language as LANGUAGE_CODE %}
{% get_available_languages as LANGUAGES %}
{{LANGUAGE_CODE}}
{{LANGUAGES}}

zh-cn 
[('en', u'English'), ('zh-hans', u'Chinese Simple')]

LANGUAGES设置的内容要参考global_settings.py

语言切换

在模板文件添加下面代码

{% load i18n %}

<form action="{% url 'set_language' %}" method="post">{% csrf_token %}
    <input name="next" type="hidden" value="{{ redirect_to }}" />
    <select name="language">
        {% get_current_language as LANGUAGE_CODE %}
        {% get_available_languages as LANGUAGES %}
        {% get_language_info_list for LANGUAGES as languages %}
        {% for language in languages %}
            <option value="{{ language.code }}"{% if language.code == LANGUAGE_CODE %} selected="selected"{% endif %}>
                {{ language.name_local }} ({{ language.code }})
            </option>
        {% endfor %}
    </select>
    <input type="submit" value="Go" />
</form>

在URL添加路由添加代码

from django.views.i18n import set_language
url(r'^setlang/$', set_language, name = 'set_lang'),

通过模板标签封装

可以将上面的前端代码用模板标签来封装，易于维护和应用

定义一个templatetag，添加langs.py

# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
from django import template
from django.utils.translation import get_language_info
from django.conf import settings

LANGUAGES = []
for lang_code in settings.LANGUAGES_SUPPORTED:
    LANGUAGES.append(get_language_info(lang_code))

register = template.Library()

@register.inclusion_tag('languages_select_part.html')
def language_select(default):
    return {'languages':LANGUAGES, 'default':default}

在setting.py里添加LANGUAGES_SUPPORTED

LANGUAGES_SUPPORTED = ('en', 'zh-hans',)

新建languages_select_part.html模板的定义如下：

{% load staticfiles %} 
{% load langs %}

{% if languages %}
<form id="language-select-form" method="post" action="{% url 'set_language' %}">{% csrf_token %}
<select class="dropdown" onchange="this.form.submit();" name="language">
{% for lang in languages %}<option value="{{ lang.code }}" {% if lang.code == default %}selected="selected"{% endif %}>{{ lang.name_local }}</option>
{% endfor %}</select>
</form>{% endif %}

效果图如下