前言
前一文介绍了如何用Clean Blog来美化自己的博客,本文开始介绍用Aldryn News来创建自己的博客内容。
本文环境:
Python 2.7.10 Djangocms 3.5
aldryn-newsblog
包含两个应用 newsblog和people
安装
查看 https://github.com/aldryn/aldryn-newsblog/blob/master/setup.py ,可以看到它的依赖库如下。
REQUIREMENTS = [
'Django>=1.8,<1.11',
'python-dateutil',
'aldryn-apphooks-config>=0.2.4',
'aldryn-boilerplates>=0.7.2',
'aldryn-categories>=1.1.0',
'aldryn-common>=0.1.3',
'aldryn-people>=1.1.0',
'aldryn-translation-tools>=0.2.0',
'backport_collections==0.1',
'django-appdata>=0.1.4',
'django-cms>=3.2',
'djangocms-text-ckeditor',
'django-filer>=0.9.9',
'django-parler>=1.4',
'django-sortedm2m>=1.2.2,!=1.3.0,!=1.3.1',
'django-taggit',
'lxml',
'pytz',
'six',
'python-dateutil',
]
执行pip安装
pip install aldryn-newsblog
最新版本的aldryn-newblog (aldryn-newsblog-2.0.0)不支持django-1.11.11,安装时django版本会退回到django-1.10.8
安装其他的一些aldryn的库,能实现博客的增强效果
pip install aldryn_background_image
pip install aldryn_bootstrap3
pip install django-bootstrap3
安装djangocms-comments,后面在博客页面添加评论时会用到
pip install djangocms-comments
注:aldryn-newsblog已经升级到2.1.2,django也能支持django1.11
REQUIREMENTS = [
'Django>=1.8,<2.0',
'python-dateutil',
'aldryn-apphooks-config>=0.4.0',
'aldryn-boilerplates>=0.7.2',
'aldryn-categories>=1.1.0',
'aldryn-common>=0.1.3',
'aldryn-people>=1.1.0',
'aldryn-translation-tools>=0.2.0',
'backport_collections==0.1',
'django-appdata>=0.1.4',
'django-cms>=3.4',
'djangocms-text-ckeditor',
'django-filer>=0.9.9',
'django-parler>=1.8.1',
'django-sortedm2m>=1.2.2,!=1.3.0,!=1.3.1',
'django-taggit',
'lxml',
'pytz',
'six',
'python-dateutil',
]
配置
在settings里面填加INSTALLED_APPS,放在’cms’之后
添加下列APPS
INSTALLED_APPS = (
# you will probably need to add these
'aldryn_apphooks_config',
'aldryn_categories',
'aldryn_common',
'aldryn_newsblog',
'aldryn_people',
'aldryn_translation_tools',
'parler',
'sortedm2m',
'taggit',
)
确认下面APPS已安装
INSTALLED_APPS = (
# you'll almost certainly have these installed already
'djangocms_text_ckeditor',
'easy_thumbnails',
'filer',
)
下面是为了增强效果添加的APPS
bootstrap3对应的是django-bootstrap3的库,它是aldryn_bootstrap3的依赖库
INSTALLED_APPS = (
'djangocms_comments',
'aldryn_background_image',
'aldryn_bootstrap3',
'bootstrap3',
)
添加boilerplates支持 (可选)
INSTALLED_APPS = (
'aldryn_boilerplates',
)
STATICFILES_FINDERS = (
'django.contrib.staticfiles.finders.FileSystemFinder',
'aldryn_boilerplates.staticfile_finders.AppDirectoriesFinder',
'django.contrib.staticfiles.finders.AppDirectoriesFinder',
)
TEMPLATES = [
{
'BACKEND': 'django.template.backends.django.DjangoTemplates',
'OPTIONS': {
'context_processors': [
'django.contrib.auth.context_processors.auth',
'django.contrib.messages.context_processors.messages',
'django.template.context_processors.i18n',
'django.template.context_processors.debug',
'django.template.context_processors.request',
'django.template.context_processors.media',
'django.template.context_processors.csrf',
'django.template.context_processors.tz',
'sekizai.context_processors.sekizai',
'django.template.context_processors.static',
'cms.context_processors.cms_settings',
'aldryn_boilerplates.context_processors.boilerplate',
],
'loaders': [
'django.template.loaders.filesystem.Loader',
'aldryn_boilerplates.template_loaders.AppDirectoriesLoader',
'django.template.loaders.app_directories.Loader',
],
},
},
]
Django Filer
aldryn News&Blog处理Easy Thumbnail会用到Django Filer,所以需要添加THUMBNAIL_PROCESSORS元组到setting里
注: 这些在django CMS安装时其实已完成。在aldryn里又强调了一次,再次检查确认一下。
THUMBNAIL_PROCESSORS = (
'easy_thumbnails.processors.colorspace',
'easy_thumbnails.processors.autocrop',
'filer.thumbnail_processors.scale_and_crop_with_subject_location',
'easy_thumbnails.processors.filters',
'easy_thumbnails.processors.background',
)
安装完成后需执行python manage.py migrate进行数据库同步
安装完成后的库文件信息如下:
aldryn-apphooks-config==0.3.3
aldryn-background-image==0.1.1
aldryn-boilerplates==0.7.7
aldryn-bootstrap3==1.2.2
aldryn-categories==1.1.0
aldryn-common==1.0.4
aldryn-newsblog==2.0.0
aldryn-people==2.1.0
aldryn-style==1.1.4
aldryn-translation-tools==0.2.1
backport-collections==0.1
Django==1.10.8
django-appconf==1.0.2
django-appdata==0.2.0
django-bootstrap3==9.1.0
django-classy-tags==0.8.0
django-cms==3.5.1
django-filer==1.3.0
django-forms-bootstrap==3.1.0
django-formtools==2.1
django-mptt==0.8.7
django-parler==1.9.2
django-phonenumber-field==1.3.0
django-polymorphic==1.3
django-sekizai==0.10.0
django-sortedm2m==1.5.0
django-taggit==0.22.2
django-treebeard==4.2.0
djangocms-admin-style==1.2.7
djangocms-attributes-field==0.3.0
djangocms-column==1.7.0
djangocms-comments==0.2.2
djangocms-file==2.0.2
djangocms-googlemap==1.1.1
djangocms-inline-comment==0.0.2
djangocms-link==2.1.2
djangocms-picture==2.0.6
djangocms-snippet==2.0.0
djangocms-style==2.0.2
djangocms-text-ckeditor==3.5.3
djangocms-video==2.0.4
easy-thumbnails==2.4.2
Babel==2.5.3
html5lib==0.9999999
idna==2.6
lxml==4.1.1
phonenumbers==8.9.1
phonenumberslite==8.9.1
Pillow==5.0.0
pykismet3==0.1.1
python-dateutil==2.6.1
python-slugify==1.2.0
pytz==2018.3
requests==2.18.4
six==1.11.0
ua-parser==0.7.3
Unidecode==0.4.21
urllib3==1.22
user-agents==1.0.1
YURL==0.13
查看效果
进入菜单『页』-『高级设置』,点击应用下拉菜单,如果能看到NewsBlog,说明安装成功。
添加文章 newsblog
添加应用
进入blog页面,进入菜单『页』-『高级设置』,在『应用』菜单里选择『Newsblog』保存,那么在工具栏会添加『News & Blog』菜单
添加文章
从『News & Blog』下拉菜单里选择『add new articles』开始添加文章
具体安装页面要求的内容添加就可以了
一些字段做简单介绍
- 『已被发布』:发布的文章才能被浏览
- 『Is Feature』:精选博客。
- 『LEAD』:文章摘要。
下面是博客详情效果图
下面是文章列表效果图
添加分类和标签
在前面文章创建时,如果打开高级设置可以看到,每篇博客都有对应的『标签』和『分类』,通过设置这些值能够方便浏览寻找博客文章。
除了在博客页面处添加外,在主页点击创建按钮弹出的创建对话框也可以创建分类
『分类』创建页面如下:
添加人员 People
创建People
在博客创建页面已经有入口可以创建People,如果不创建,它会默认创建一个名为1的People
同样在工具栏创建入口,也可以直接创建People。
安装成功后,再次点击创建,可以看到两个新的菜单增加了『New person』『New category』,这是aldryn-newsblog添加的两个插件。
选中『New person』下一步进入
添加应用
跟Newsblog一样,People也能直接附着在页面上,选择页面『联系人』,进入菜单『页』-『高级设置』,在『应用』菜单里选择『People』保存即可。
下面是我的实现效果图,这儿主要改了一些css的东西,就不详述了。
不支持中文
点击“Download Vcard”下载people vcard时会有如下报错:
format 'ascii' codec can't encode characters in position 0-1: ordinal not in range(128)
- https://www.saltycrane.com/blog/2008/11/python-unicodeencodeerror-ascii-codec-cant-encode-character/
- http://www.cnblogs.com/ajianbeyourself/p/4883487.html
修改下面两个文件可支持中文
aldryn_people/models.py
def get_vcard(self, request=None):
return six.b('{}'.format(smart_unicode(vcard)))
aldryn_people/vcard.py
class Vcard(object):
def add_line(self, key, value, **params):
line = '{0}:{1}'.format(key_and_params, smart_str(value))
self.lines.append(line)
博客及样式
接下来继续用Clean Blog的样式进行美化
博客内容
参考clean blog内容,并将aldryn newsblog的信息嵌入进去。
templates\aldryn_newsblog\includes\article.html
<div class="post-preview">
<a href="{% namespace_url 'article-detail' article.slug namespace=namespace default='' %}">
<h2 class="post-title">
{% render_model article "title" %}
</h2>
{% if article.lead_in %}
<h3 class="post-subtitle">
{% if not detail_view %}
{% render_model article "lead_in" "" "" "truncatewords:'20'" %}
{% else %}
{% render_model article "lead_in" %}
{% endif %}
</h3>
{% endif %}
</a>
<p class="post-meta">Posted by {% include "aldryn_newsblog/includes/author.html" with author=article.author %} on {{ article.publishing_date|date }} </p>
</div>
注意:这儿用truncatechars代替了truncatewords以支持中文。
aldryn_newsblog\includes\author.html
{% if author %}
{% if author.visual %}
{% thumbnail author.visual "50x50" crop upscale subject_location=author.visual.subject_location as author_image %}
<img src="{{ author_image.url }}" width="50" height="50" alt="{{ author.name }}">
{% endif %}
<a href="{% namespace_url "article-list-by-author" author.slug namespace=namespace default='' %}">
{{ author.name }}
</a>
{% comment %}
<p>
<a href="{% namespace_url "article-list-by-author" author.slug namespace=namespace default='' %}">
{% if author.visual %}
{% thumbnail author.visual "50x50" crop upscale subject_location=author.visual.subject_location as author_image %}
<img src="{{ author_image.url }}" width="50" height="50" alt="{{ author.name }}">
{% endif %}
{{ author.name }}
</a>
</p>
{% if author.function %}<p>{{ author.function }}</p>{% endif %}
{% if author.article_count %}<p>{{ author.article_count }}</p>{% endif %}
{% endcomment %}
{% endif %}
aldryn_newsblog\includes\pagination.html
给ul添加pagination类
{% if is_paginated %}
<ul class="pagination">
aldryn_newsblog\article_detail.html
给ul添加class “paginitaion”,给li添加class “page-item”以及给a添加class “page-link”
<ul class="pagination">
{% if prev_article %}
<li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="{{ prev_article.get_absolute_url }}">{% trans "Previous Article" %}</a></li>
{% endif %}
<li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="{% namespace_url "article-list" %}">{% trans "Back to Overview" %}</a></li>
{% if next_article %}
<li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="{{ next_article.get_absolute_url }}">{% trans "Next Article" %}</a></li>
{% endif %}
</ul>
效果如下:
文章列表:
文章内容:
插件栏
在博客页面,我们想添加一个侧栏提供一些额外的功能,比如标签,搜索等
首先修改templates\aldryn_newsblog\base.html文件,添加sidebar plugin,增加css,将页面设为2栏,左边为content,右边为sidebar。
{% extends CMS_TEMPLATE %}
{% load cms_tags %}
{% block content %}
<div class="row plugin-bar">
<div class="content col-lg-8 col-md-8 mx-auto">
{% block newsblog_content %}
{# article_list.html and article_detail.html extend this template #}
{% endblock %}
</div>
<div class="sidebar col-lg-4 col-md-4">
{% placeholder "sidebar" %}
</div>
</div>
{% endblock content %}
添加搜索功能
修改aldryn_newsblog\plugins\article_search.html, {% comment%}内部为原内容,新增form改用group样式。
标题也从html中删除了,后面直接通过插件在页面添加。
{% load i18n %}
{% comment %}
<form action="{{ query_url }}" method="get">
<label for="search-plugin-{{ instance.pk }}">{% trans "Keyword search" %}</label>
<input type="text" name="q" id="search-plugin-{{ instance.pk }}" placeholder="{% trans 'Keyword' %}">
<input type="hidden" name="max_articles" value="{{ instance.max_articles }}">
<button type="submit" class="btn btn-primary">{% trans "Go" %}</button>
</form>
{% endcomment %}
<form action="{{ query_url }}" method="get">
<div class="row">
<div class="col-sm-12">
<div class="input-group">
<input type="text" name="q" id="search-plugin-{{ instance.pk }}" class="form-control" placeholder="Search for article ..." required>
<span class="input-group-btn">
<button class="btn btn-default" type="submit">Go!</button>
</span>
</div><!-- /input-group -->
</div><!-- /.col-sm-12 -->
</div><!-- /.row -->
</form>
在aldryn_newsblog\includes\search_results.html修改结果显示,基本参考博客列表的样子做了修改。
<h2>{% trans "Most recent articles containing" %} "{% blocktrans with query=query %} <strong>{{ query }}</strong>"{% endblocktrans %}</h2>
{% for article in object_list %}
<div class="post-preview">
<a href="{% namespace_url "article-detail" article.slug namespace=view.app_config.namespace default='' %}">
<h3 class="post-title">
<strong>
{% for category in article.categories.all %}
{{ category.name }}{% if not forloop.last %}, {% endif %}
{% endfor %}
</strong>
{% render_model article "title" %}
</h3>
{% if article.lead_in %}
<h4 class="post-subtitle">
{{ article.lead_in|striptags|truncatewords:"10"|safe }}
</h4>
{% endif %}
</a>
<p class="post-meta">Posted by {% include "aldryn_newsblog/includes/author.html" with author=article.author %} on {{ article.publishing_date|date }} </p>
</div>
{% endfor %}
<hr>
效果图如下
下面是搜索结果
添加标签功能
在templates\aldryn_newsblog\plugins\tags.html,实现非常简单,因为我打算把一些css相关内容直接在plugin操作。
{% load i18n apphooks_config_tags %}
<style type="text/css">
ul.tags div.tag-block.active{
background-color: #0085a1;
}
ul.tags div.tag-block{
float: left;
background-color: grey;
padding:6px;
margin-right: 2px;
margin-top: 8px;
border-radius: 3px;
}
ul.tags div a{
color: white;
font-size: 20px;
}
</style>
<ul class="tags">
<div class="tag-block {% if not newsblog_tag %} active{% endif %}" style="">
<a href="{% namespace_url "article-list" namespace=instance.app_config.namespace default='' %}">{% trans "All" %}</a>
</div>
{% for tag in tags %}
<div class="tag-block {% if newsblog_tag.id == tag.id %} active{% endif %}" style="">
<a href="{% namespace_url "article-list-by-tag" tag.slug namespace=instance.app_config.namespace default='' %}"><span class="label label-primary" style="color:white;">{{ tag.name }}</span><small> ({{ tag.article_count }})</small></a>
</div>
{% endfor %}
<div style="clear: both;"></div>
</ul>
最终我要在插件实现下面的css结构
<div class="text-left text-uppercase text-secondary mb-0" style="margin-top: 50px; margin-left: 20px;">
<h2>Tags</h2>
<div class="text-left">
Plugin
</div>
</div>
首先添加样式plugin实现 <div class="text-left text-uppercase text-secondary mb-0" style="margin-top: 50px; margin-left: 20px;">
实现<h2>Tags</h2>
比较简单,直接添加文本,设为H2
然后嵌套方式在里面加入标签插件
最终效果图如下
添加分类功能
基本方法同标签
修改aldryn_newsblog\plugins\categories.html文件,保留内容显示的部分,其他的留在plugin操作。
{% load i18n apphooks_config_tags %}
<style type="text/css">
ul.categories div.category-block.active{
background-color: #0085a1;
}
ul.categories div.category-block{
float: left;
background-color: grey;
padding:6px;
margin-right: 2px;
margin-top: 8px;
border-radius: 3px;
}
ul.categories div a{
color: white;
font-size: 20px;
}
</style>
<ul class="categories">
<div class="category-block {% if not newsblog_category %} active{% endif %}"><a href="{% namespace_url "article-list" namespace=instance.app_config.namespace default='' %}">{% trans "All" %}</a></div>
{% for category in categories %}
<div class="category-block {% if newsblog_category.id == category.id %} active{% endif %}"><a href="{% namespace_url "article-list-by-category" category.slug namespace=instance.app_config.namespace default='' %}" >{{ category.name }}<small> ({{ category.article_count }})</small></a></div>
{% endfor %}
<div style="clear: both;"></div>
</ul>
插件-其他
Cms还提供了其他的插件,比如『精选文章』,『最近文章』,『相关文章』等
最近文章
templates\aldryn_newsblog\plugins\latest_articles.html 参考index.html,添加post-preview class及添加Pager
{% load i18n %}
{% load i18n apphooks_config_tags %}
{% for article in article_list %}
<div class="post-preview">
{% include "aldryn_newsblog/includes/article.html" with namespace=instance.app_config.namespace %}
</div>
{% empty %}
<p>{% trans "No items available" %}</p>
{% endfor %}
<!-- Pager -->
<div class="clearfix">
<a class="btn btn-primary float-right" href="{% namespace_url "article-list" namespace=instance.app_config.namespace default='' %}">Older Posts →</a>
</div>
添加评论
安装
pip install djagnocms-comments
主页 https://pypi.org/project/djangocms-comments/
配置
在INSTALLED_APPS里添加 'djangocms_comments'
, 并执行migrate
在urls里引入djangocms-comments
urlpatterns += i18n_patterns(
url(r'^djangocms_comments/', include('djangocms_comments.urls')),
)
当前的djangocms-comments版本为djangocms-comments==0.2.2
,比较老,有些内容需要适配最新的django版本
djangocms-comments\urls.py,修改urlpatters从元组改为数组
urlpatterns = [
# url(r'^$', 'main_view', name='app_main'),
url(r'^ajax/save_comment$', SaveComment.as_view(), name='djangocms_comments_save_comment'),
]
原始的djangocms-comments css效果比较差,可以根据自己的需求进行调整,这儿就不进行具体讲解了。
另外有个插件djangocms_inline_comment,试下来效果不好,没有继续研究
模板
适配模板代码到clean blog主题
代码待更新
效果图如下:
关于评论后面有专门章节详述
最简单插件常见问题 (总结)
不支持中文
format 'ascii' codec can't encode characters in position 0-1: ordinal not in range(128)
- https://www.saltycrane.com/blog/2008/11/python-unicodeencodeerror-ascii-codec-cant-encode-character/
- http://www.cnblogs.com/ajianbeyourself/p/4883487.html
aldryn_people/models.py
def get_vcard(self, request=None):
return six.b('{}'.format(smart_unicode(vcard)))
aldryn_people/vcard.py
``` python
class Vcard(object):
def add_line(self, key, value, **params):
line = '{0}:{1}'.format(key_and_params, smart_str(value))
self.lines.append(line)
plugin 名字冲突
aldryn_style\cms_plugin.py
class StylePlugin(CMSPluginBase):
model = Style
name = _("Style")
render_template = "aldryn_style/plugin.html"
allow_children = True
plugin_pool.register_plugin(StylePlugin)
class StylePlugin(CMSPluginBase):
model = Style
name = _('Style')
render_template = 'djangocms_style/style.html'
allow_children = True
plugin_pool.register_plugin(StylePlugin)
其他库介绍
aldryn_style
这个库名字和djangocms_style一样,不能同时使用。
如果想同时使用,需修改源代码。
aldryn_style\cms_plugin.py
class StylePlugin(CMSPluginBase):
model = Style
name = _("Aldryn Style")
render_template = "aldryn_style/plugin.html"
allow_children = True
plugin_pool.register_plugin(StylePlugin)
djangocms StylePlugin
class StylePlugin(CMSPluginBase):
model = Style
name = _('Style')
render_template = 'djangocms_style/style.html'
allow_children = True
plugin_pool.register_plugin(StylePlugin)
aldryn_bootstrap3
pip install aldryn_bootstrap3
该插件提供丰富的元素及一些快速创建的方法,比如row-column,利用其row,可快速灵活创建
参考文档
- https://github.com/aldryn/aldryn-newsblog
- http://aldryn-newsblog.readthedocs.io/en/latest/introduction.html
- django CMS and Aldryn Cloud Guided Tour with Angelo Dini
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